1、 一般现在时 A、表示不受时限的客观存在 如He is a boy.She is a student.My mother is a nurse. This is a dog.I have a story-book. B、表示现在的习惯动作，即指现在经常发生的动作，一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如often（经常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不） 如I often go to school on foot.My father works in a school. Mike watches TV every day. I usually play computer games on the weekend. C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作 如How are you You look happy. What’s the matter with you I have a headache. What do you have for lunchI have some chicken. 注意英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时，须在词尾加-s 或 -es。例如 I have a fish for dinner.Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike.Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。
如watches , teaches , goes , washes 2、 一般将来时 表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用，如tomorrow , next week , next year , this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等。
注意一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构 ①be going to 动词的原形 / 地点 ②will 动词的原形 例句 I’m going to go shopping this afternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky. 3、 现在进行时 表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段一直在进行的动作。
注意它的构成是be的现在时形式（am , is , are）加动词的ing形式。如What are you doingI’m writing a letter. What are they doingThey’re swimming. Is he playing chessYes, he is. Look, Amy is reading an English book. 注意 动词的ing形式的构成规则 ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing ③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有running , swimming , sitting , getting ４、一般过去时 主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态，也可表示过去的习惯动作。它与现在时间不发生关系，它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。它经常与表示过去的时间连用。如 I went to a park yesterday.I read a book last night. I watched TV yesterday evening. I went on a big trip last weekend.I failed my Chinese test. 注意 一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式，动词的过去式的构成规则有 Ａ、规则动词 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed ；
如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以e结尾的动词直接加d ；
如 lived , danced , used ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed （此类动词较少）如 study – studied carry – carriedworry – worried （play、stay除外） ④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式 sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read , fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt, feel – felt 注意句子的形式 1、 肯定句是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如 I’m a student.She is a doctor.He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. I’m going to buy a comic book tonight. He will eat lunch at 1200. I’m reading a book.They are swimming. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、 否定句含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如 I’m not a student.She is not isn’t a doctor. He does not doesn’t work in a hospital. There are not four fans in our classroom. I’m not going to buy a comic book tonight. He will not won’t eat lunch at 1200. I’m not reading a book.They are not aren’t swimming. I did not didn’t watch TV yesterday evening. 注意 小结否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。
3、一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如Are you a student Yes, I am / No, I’m not. Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Are there four fans in our classroom Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. Will he eat lunch at 1200 Yes, I will. / No, I will notwon’t. Are you reading a bookYes, I am. / No, I am not. Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. Did you watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 注意 小结一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上， ①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4、特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如 What is this It’s a computer. What does he do He’s a doctor. Where are you going I’m going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon Mike. Which season do you like bestSummer. When do you usually get up I usually get up at 630. Whose skirt is this It’s Amy’s. Why do you like spring best Because I can plant trees. How are you I’m fine. / I’m happy. How did you go to