高中英语复习《非谓语动词用法》PPT课件

非谓语动词 一 认识非谓语动词 1 ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV 2 Thepurposeofnewtechnologyistomakelifeeasier 3 Helenhadtoshouttomakeherselfheard 4 Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave 非谓语动词 动词不定式分词动名词 现在分词 过去分词 三 动词不定式 短语 1 不定式的基本形式是 to 动词原形 2 不定式的句法作用1 作主语Toaskhimforhelpisnecessary Itisnecessarytoaskhimforhelp Tohelppoorpeopleisourduty Itisourdutytohelppoorpeople Ittookustwohourstogettherebybike 2 作表语 Herwishistobecomeapopsinger Tobecomeapopsingerisherwish Whathewantedtodothenwas to gooutforawalk Togooutforawalkwaswhathewantedtodothen 3 作宾语 Iexpecttoseeyoutomorrow Shewantedtoborrowmydictionary Ourteacherhelped to cleantheclassroomyesterdayafternoon 能直接跟不定式作宾语的动词很多 常见的有 want like wish hope continue manage try offer start forget remember decide agree learn pretend mean expect desire promise help等 IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish Wethoughtitbettertostartearly Ifeelitmydutytohelpmyclassmateswhiletheyareintrouble 形式主语和形式宾语只能用it来充当 Doyouthinkthatnecessarytolearnaforeignlanguage it 4 作定语 Ihavealotofworktodothisweek Isthereanythingtosayforyourself Thenursehasfivechildrentolookafter Pleaselendmeapentowritewith Theexaminationiscoming Buthecan tfindaquietroomtostudyin 不定式只能作后置定语 不定式常和它修饰的词有动宾关系 因此有时须在不定式后加上适当的介词以保证这种关系成立 5 作状语 Hewenthometoseehisparents Idecidedtoworkharder inorder soas tocatchupwithmyclassmates To Inorderto catchupwithmyclassmates Idecidedtoworkharder Hewassoangryastobeunabletospeak Thisbookiseasyenoughetoread Heistooyoungtojointhearmy 6 补语 宾补 主补 Theteacheraskedusnottomakesomuchnoise Sheissaidtobeafamouswriter Ican thelpyou to cleantheroom I mbusynow Isawherwalkintothehalljustnow 动词 ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区别 在see hear feel watch notice等感官动词后 既可用动词 ing形式构成复合宾语 也可用不定式构成复合宾语 两者之间有一定的区别 用动词 ing形式时 表示动作正在进行 用动词原形时 表示动作的整个过程Hesawagirlgettingonthebus 他看见一个女孩在上公共汽车 Hesawagirlgetonthebusanddriveoff 他看见一个女孩上公共汽车后开走了 3 不定式的几种特殊形式 连接代词 连接副词 动词不定式Idon tknowwhattodonext Hermotherdidn tknow toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout Whattodonextisstillunknowntome Myquestioniswhattodonext 不定式的复合结构Itisimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguage Tolearnaforeignlanguageisimportantforus Itisunwiseofhimtogotherealone Heisunwisetogotherealone of表示人的内在特征 性格等 与某个具体的人有关 如nice foolish honest wise等 而当强调某事怎样时 常用for 如important necessary 等 四 分词 短语 1 现在分词的基本形式 2 过去分词的基本形式规则动词 ed 3 现在分词的句法功能 作定语Thegirlstandingatthegateismysister Thedancinggirlismysister Thefactorymakingthesepensisasmallone Welivedinaroomfacingthesouth 位置 分词和分词短语 动作的时态含义 定语从句转换 2 表语 Thestorysoundsinteresting Thenewsisverydisappointing 现在分词作表语多表示主语所具有特征 常见的词有 exciting interesting discouraging encouraging puzzling surprising confusing astonishing shocking inviting charming等 3 作补语 现在分词常可用在see watch hear feel find get keep notice have等后面作宾补 Weheardhimsinginginthenextroom Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom 比较 Isawhimwalkintotheroom Isawhimwalkingintotheroom Hewasseentowalkintotheroom Hewasseenwalkingintotheroom 4 作状语 表示原因 时间 方式 伴随 结果或条件 Beingill shedidn tgotoschooltoday Havingfinishedhishomework helefttheclass room walk inthestreet Imetafriendofmine hear thegoodnews hejumpedwithjoy notreceive ananswer Iwrotetohimagain Walking Hearing Nothavingreceived 4 过去分词的句法功能 跟现在分词一样 过去分词在句中可以充当定语 表语 补语和状语 但其形式要简单的多 developedcountriesfallenleavesunknownheroesboiledwater therisensunreturnedstudentsescapedprisonersspokenEnglish 五 动名词 短语 1 基本形式v ing 2 句法功能 主语 表语 宾语 动宾 介宾 和定语 作主语Learningnewwordsisveryusefultome Readingaloudinthereading roomisabadhabit 特殊结构 Itisnouse nogood useless fun awasteoftime doingsth 2 作表语 Hisfavoritesportisswimming MyjobisteachingEnglish 比较 Heiscollectingstamps Hisjobiscollectingstamps Thestorysoundsquitemoving Herwishistobecomeapopsinger Theyaretogoshoppingthisafternoon 3 作宾语Ienjoylisteningtomusic Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow 必背只接动词 ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有 admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免putoff推迟keep保持consider考虑delay耽搁dislike嫌恶resist抵制mention提及enjoy喜欢escape避免excuse原谅practice练习mind介意fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成risk冒险include包括forgive原谅giveup放弃suggest建议miss逃过imagine设想cannothelp情不自禁 need require want作 需要 解时 后面接动词 ing形式的主动形式或不定式的被动形式 意义上并无差别 但用动词 ing形式比较普通 need require wanttobedone need require wantdoingYourcompositionneedscorrecting tobecorrected 你的作文需要修改 Hiscoatwantscleaning tobecleaned 他的外套需要洗了 Theoldwomanrequireslookingaftercarefully tobelookedaftercarefully 这个老大娘需要细心地照料 2作介词宾语动词 ing形式作介词宾语大都和一些固定搭配有关 下列动词或词组既可用动名词作宾语 也可用不定式作宾语 但意义上有区别 forgettodosth doingsth 忘记要做某事 忘记做过某事remembertodosth doingsth 记得要做某事 记得做过某事regrettodosth doingsth 遗憾地做某事 后悔做过某事 trytodosth 设法做某事trydoingsth 试一试做某事stoptodosth 停下去做另一件事stopdoingsth 停止做某事meantodosth 意欲做某事meandoingsth 意味着做某事 Pleaseremember post thelettere Iremember put theletteronthedesk butIcan tfinditnow Iamtoobusynow soIcan thelp solve theproblemforyou Iregret tell youthatyoufailedtheexamagain Iregret say suchruderemarkstoher butIdidn tmean hurt her topost putting tosolve totell saying tohurt Sheleftwithoutsayingaword Theboyisgoodatsingingpopularsongs Thankyouforhelpingme 注意 lookforwardto get beusedto prefer to devote to getdownto 4 作定语Th