爆发 n. 突然破裂；
爆发 2．event n. 事件；
大事 3．ruin n. 废墟；
毁灭 vt. 毁灭；
使破产 4．destroy vt. 毁坏；
破坏；
消灭 5．trap vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；
困境 6．bury vt. 埋葬；
掩埋；
隐藏 7．damage n． vt. 损失；
损害 8．earthquake n. 地震 9．canal n. 运河；
水道 10．track n. 轨道；
足迹；
痕迹 11．electricity n. 电；
电流；
电学 12．disaster n. 灾难；
灾祸 13．shelter n. 掩蔽；
掩蔽处；
避身处 14．reporter n. 记者 15．sincerely adv. 真诚地；
真挚地 16．headline n. 报刊的大字标题 Ⅱ.派生单词能辨别 1．nation n．民族；
国家；
国民→national adj.国家的；
民族的 2．dirt n．污垢；
泥土→dirty adj.脏的；
肮脏的 3．suffer vt.vi.遭受；
忍受→suffering n．苦难；
痛苦→sufferer n．患者；
受害者 4．extreme adj.极度的→extremely adv.非常；
极其；
极端地 5．injure vt.损害；
伤害→injury n．伤害；
损害→injured adj.受伤的；
受损害的 6．useless adj.无用的；
无效的；
无益的→useful adj.有用的 7．shock n．休克；
震惊；
打击 vt. vi. 使震惊；
震动→shocked adj.震惊的→shocking adj.令人震惊的 8．rescue n．vt.援救；
营救→rescuer n．救援者 9．frighten vt.使惊吓；
吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；
受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的 10．congratulate v．祝贺→congratulation n．祝贺；
复数贺词 11．judge n．裁判员；
法官 vt.断定；
判断；
判决→judgment n．判断；
裁判；
判决书 12．express vt.表示；
表达 n．快车；
速递→expression n．表达；
表情；
措辞 Ⅲ.语境应用用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.frighten 2．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good perance and the exciting congratulation encouraged her greatly.congratulate 3．In the crash he was seriously injured．He suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.injure 4．He expressed his thanks to us，with a thankful expression on his face.express [拓展联想] 合成名词n.＋n. ①bookmark书签 ③website网站 ②basketball 篮球 ④homework家庭作业 [短语 多维应用] Ⅰ.短语回顾会默写 1．right_away 立刻；
马上 2．think_little/nothing_of 以为没什么了不起 3．at_an_end 结束；
终结 4．in_ruins 严重受损；
破败不堪 5．dig_out 掘出；
发现 6．agreat_number_of 许多；
大量的 7．be_proud_of 为自豪 8．judging_from 从判断 9．be_trapped_in 陷入 10．be_buried_in 埋头于 Ⅱ.语境应用选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1．If you are at home and you smell gas, open the windows and get out of the building right_away． 2．Judging_from what you say in your letter, you dont get along well with your classmates. 3．Its reported that a_great_number_of people were rescued from the ruins. 4．The earthquake happened and the whole town was in_ruins in less than twenty minutes. 5．I must warn you that my patience is almost at_an_end． 6．I was_trapped_in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday. [拓展联想] “埋头于；
专心于”的多种表达 ①be lost in ③be absorbed in ②be occupied in ④be devoted to “think＋副词＋of”短语 ①think highly of 重视；
看得起 ②think well of 重视 ③think poorly of 轻视 ④think badly of 认为不好 [句式 结构仿写] 教材原句会背诵 句式仿写能应用 1.too...to...太而不能 In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 1.我的弟弟年龄太小，不能独自一人去上学。
My brother is too_young_to_go_to_school on his own. 2.It seemed as if 似乎/好像 It seemed as if the world was at an end 2.我童年的一切仿佛刚刚发生一样。
It_seemed_as_if everything in my childhood had just happened. 3.everywhere引导让步状语从句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 3.无论他走到哪里，他都受到热烈欢迎。
Everywhere_he_went，he received a warm welcome. 4.all...not...表部分否定 All hope was not lost. 4.并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我应严格要求他们。
All_students_dont_obey the school rules，so as a teacher，I should be strict with them. 对应学生用书第20页 精讲5个考纲单词 burst vi.爆裂；
爆发 n．突然破裂；
爆发 [教材原句] In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
1burst in/into 闯入；
突然破门而入 2突然哭起来/笑起来 3a burst of 一阵 a burst of laughter 一阵大笑 ①Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.突然门开了，一群孩子突然闯入。
②He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry. 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。
链接写作 听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。
①When they heard this，the whole class burst_into_laughter and my deskmates face turned red. ②Hearing_this，the whole class burst_out_laughing and my deskmates face turned red.分词作状语 ruin n. [U]毁灭；
毁坏；
[常用复数]废墟 vt.使毁坏；
成为废墟 [经典例句] It was this mistake that ruined his chances of getting the job.牛津词典 正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。
1lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 毁灭；
毁坏 bring...to ruin 使毁灭；
使没落；
使破产 2ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人 ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途 ①The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all night. 地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，让我们彻夜未眠。
②Drunk driving not only ruined himselfhe but also killed several passersby. 酒驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。
链接写作 地震过后，一个曾经那么美好的村庄被毁掉了。
①普通表达After the earthquake，a village was_ruined．It was once very attractive. ②高级表达After the earthquake，a village which_was_once_very_attractive_was_ruined．定语从句 injure vt.损害；
伤害 [经典例句] Believe it or not，what you said just now injured her pride. 信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了她的自尊。
1injured adj. 受伤的 the injured 伤员 2injury n. 伤；
伤口；
伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 ①But now，because my left foot was injuredinjurein the football game，I cannot go with you as planned.北京高