双面钻孔卧式组合机床液压系统（Hydraulic,system,of,double,-,side,drilling,horizontal,combination,machine,tool）.doc

双面钻孔卧式组合机床液压系统（Hydraulic system of double - side drilling horizontal combination machine tool） intro Scraper hydraulic system A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, namely power elements, actuators, control elements, auxiliary components accessories and hydraulic oil. Power element The power element is used to convert the mechanical energy of the original motive into the pressure of the liquid, the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides the power to the whole hydraulic system. The structure of hydraulic pump usually has gear pump, vane pump and plunger pump. actuators The function of an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic motor is to convert the pressure of the liquid to mechanical energy, driving the load as a straight reciprocating movement or rotary motion. Control element The control element i.e. various hydraulic valves controls and regulates the pressure, flow and direction of the liquid in the hydraulic system. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves and directional control valves. Pressure control valve is divided into overflow valve relief valve, pressure relief valve, sequence valve, pressure relay, etc. Flow control valve includes throttle valve, adjusting valve, diversion valve and so on; Directional control valve includes one-way valve, liquid control one-way valve, shuttle valve, reversing valve, etc. According to the control mode, hydraulic valve can be divided into switch control valve, fixed value control valve and proportional control valve. Auxiliary components Auxiliary components include fuel tank, oil filter, tubing and pipe joint, sealing ring, quick change joint, high pressure ball valve, rubber tube assembly, pressure gauge joint, pressure gauge, oil level meter, oil temperature meter, etc. The hydraulic oil Hydraulic oil is the working medium for the transmission of energy in the hydraulic system, and there are various kinds of mineral oil, emulsified liquid and hydraulic oil. The system structure The hydraulic system consists of two parts signal control and hydraulic power. The signal control part is used to drive the control valve movement in the hydraulic power parts. The hydraulic power parts are represented by the circuit diagram to show the interrelationships between different functional components. Hydraulic source contains hydraulic pump, motor and hydraulic auxiliary components; The hydraulic control part contains various control valves, which are used to control the flow, pressure and direction of working fluid. The cution part contains hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor, which can be selected according to actual requirements. When analyzing and designing actual tasks, it is generally used to show the actual operation condition of the equipment. The hollow arrow represents the signal flow, while the solid arrow represents the energy flow. Broken bed hydraulic system Basic - controls the action of hydraulic loop of the sequence component ii a four-way reversing valve of the reversing and spring return actuators double-acting hydraulic cylinder reached out and retraction and overflow valve opening and closing. For the cution of components and control elements, the presentation is based on the corresponding loop chart symbol, which is also the preparation of the circuit diagram notation. According to the working principle of the system, you can number all loops in turn. If the first cution element is 0, the associated control element identifier is 1. If the component identifier corresponding to the cution element is an even number, the component identifier corresponding to the cution element retracted is odd. Not only should the hydraulic circuit be numbered, but also the actual equipment to be numbered, so as to detect system failure. The DIN iso1219-2 standard defines the number of elements, It includes the following four parts device number, loop number, element identifier and element number. If the whole system has only one device, the device number can be omitted. In practice, another numbering is the serial number of all elements in the hydraulic system, which should be consistent with the number in the component list. This is especially suitable for complex hydraulic control system, and each control circuit corresponds to the system number. In 1795, Joseph Braman 1749-1814 developed the worlds first hydraulic press as a working medium in the of water presses. In 1905, the working medium water was changed to oil and further improved. After the first world war 1914-1918, hydraulic transmission was widely used, especially after 1920. Hydraulic components began to enter the al industrial production stage in the late 19th and early 20th century. In 1925, F.V ikers invented the pressure-balancing vane pump, which laid the f